Section 1 – Pain-sensitive Tissues within the Axial Skeleton of Horses
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this course content, the student will be able to…
- Describe the unique properties of somatic sensations
- Discuss the role of mechanoreceptors in somatic proprioception
- Identify tissues that are innervated with nociceptive fibers
- Explain the differences between acute versus chronic back pain
- Describe the receptors localized to the skin and their respective functions
- Outline the cutaneous innervations patterns of the skin
- Discuss the role of myofascial receptors and the innervation of spinal ligaments
- Describe articular innervation patterns and approaches for performing perineural injections
- Explain the different approaches for performing sacroiliac joint injections
Clips
- Introduction
- Innervation of the skin
- Myofascial innervation
- Joint innervation
- Vertebral body innervation
Section 2 – Spinal Pain Mechanisms
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this course content, the student will be able to…
- Discuss the purpose of pain
- Describe the different types of perceived pain
- Explain the differences between acute versus chronic pain mechanisms
- Discuss the role of peripheral and central sensitization in musculoskeletal pain
- Identify behavioral changes associated with pain
- Describe the interactions between nociceptive and mechanoreceptive signaling
- Discuss the role of dorsal root ganglionitis in chronic pain
- Define the term joint position sense
- Discuss the role repetitive use injuries in the development of chronic neck pain
- Describe how nociceptive mechanisms cause changes in motor control
Clips
- Introduction
- Behavioral issues
- Myofascial mechanisms
- Segmental mechanisms
- Joint position sense
- Impaired motor control
Section 3 – Recognizing Pain in Horses
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this course content, the student will be able to…
- Describe the differences between pain versus nociception
- Define nociception and nociceptive mechanisms
- Discuss how pain descriptors or characteristics can be used in clinical practice
- Describe the physical, functional, and behavioral aspects of pain
- Outline subjective and objective measures of pain
- Explain the difference between direct and indirect pain assessment
- Discuss the clinical application of objective pain measures
- Explain the role of behavioral attributes for assessing pain
- Describe how digital palpation and manual therapies can be used in pain evaluations
Clips
- Introduction
- Diagnosing pain
- Pain measures
- Subjective, direct measures
- Objective measures of pain
